Fleas are small, wingless insects known for their jumping ability and their role as external parasites of mammals and birds. Measuring about 1 to 3 millimeters in length, fleas have a flattened body that allows them to move easily through the fur or feathers of their hosts. Fleas are typically reddish-brown and have strong, specialized legs that enable them to jump up to 200 times their body length, making them highly mobile pests.

Fleas feed on the blood of their hosts, causing itchy, irritating bites that can lead to discomfort and allergic reactions in both animals and humans. In addition to causing skin irritation, fleas can transmit diseases and parasites, such as tapeworms, to their hosts. Flea infestations can be challenging to control because fleas reproduce quickly, with females laying up to 50 eggs per day, and their eggs and larvae can hide in carpets, bedding, and upholstery.

Fleas are most commonly associated with household pets like dogs and cats but can also infest homes without pets, particularly in warm and humid environments. Flea infestations require comprehensive treatment strategies, including treating the infested animal, cleaning the home, and sometimes professional pest control services to eliminate the entire flea life cycle.